Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi's activity in the judiciary in Iran 1999-2009

Abstract

Studying the history of Iran has played a major role in identifying figures who had a clear impact. The choice of the figure of Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi was due to his role both in Iraq as he was born in Iraq and in the history of Iran as he was Iranian in origin. Shahroudi played a major role in the events that Iraq witnessed in the seventies, and his teachers, under whom he studied in Najaf, Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and Sayyid Ruhollah Khomeini, had a major impact in shaping his personalities. He immigrated from Iraq to Iran after the victory of the Islamic Revolution in 1979 as a result of the pressure that the Iraqi government at that time exerted on the followers of Sayyid al-Sadr. Mahmoud Al-Hashemi was very active during his stay in Iran, most notably his contribution to the formation of the Supreme Islamic Council in Iraq in 1982, then he held many positions, including a member of the Assembly of Experts for Leadership in 1999, then he assumed the presidency of the judiciary in Iran in 1999, which is considered one of the most powerful authorities after the authority of the Supreme Leader, then the head of the Expediency Discernment Council in 2017 Shahroudi worked to develop the judiciary in a way that is consistent with development and does not conflict with Islamic law, so he issued many decisions that did not exist previously and called for the protection of citizens' rights and attention to judges because they represent authority and justice in the country. His role was not limited to the judiciary only, but he contributed to the aspects that address the economic and social problems because they all affect the interests of the citizen and have a close connection to the judiciary because providing appropriate conditions contributes to the stability of the country and keeps people away from crime. He also played a major role in conveying the voice of Iraqis to international forums. The research included many sources, most notably the Persian newspapers that reported Shahroudi’s daily news