The Legal and Jurisprudential Framework for Criminal Liability for Artificial Intelligence Errors in the Medical Field

Abstract

This study examines errors arising from the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the medical field, focusing on their criminal implications under both Islamic jurisprudence and positive law. The rapid integration of AI systems in diagnosis, treatment, and surgical procedures has raised complex legal and ethical questions regarding criminal liability when medical errors occur. The research aims to define artificial intelligence and its types, identify the nature and causes of AI-related medical errors, and analyze the extent of criminal responsibility and the parties that may bear it, such as physicians, developers, manufacturers, or users. The study adopts an analytical and comparative methodology, relying on Islamic legal principles, jurisprudential rules, and contemporary legal theories, while drawing on practical medical scenarios. The research concludes with key findings and recommendations that seek to regulate the medical use of artificial intelligence and ensure a balance between technological advancement and the protection of human life.