The Causes and Types of Fitna (Discord/Temptation) in Light of the Holy Quran

Abstract

This research addresses the topic of fitna, which a person may fall into unknowingly, as well as the types of fitna as described in the Holy Quran. We will refer to the Quranic verses that address this topic, along with their interpretations from some authoritative commentaries. We will also discuss the dangers of these fitna and methods of protection. These fitna are not a cause for the loss of human will, but rather following the lower self paves the way for gradually falling into fitna. There is no way to escape trials and tribulations except by turning to God and understanding the trials and tribulations that surround us. Therefore, we have discussed the most significant of these trials, which lead people to ruin and eternal misery. Conversely, if one protects and fortifies oneself with insight and follows the example of the Ahlul-Bayt (peace be upon them), it will lead to eternal happiness. We are living in an era of soft warfare and the diverse and varied methods employed by the enemy, who has found no foothold in direct conflict. The enemy has resorted to its most effective tactic: sowing discord, hatred, and animosity among people, and igniting strife in all spheres so that it can exploit the chaos, weave conspiracies, and devise plans to seize control of resources.