Digital parental self-efficacy among parents of middle school students

Abstract

This research aims to measure the level of digital parental efficacy among parents of middle school students in Baghdad/Al-Rusafa 1st, 2nd, and 3rd districts. In addition to studying the differences in digital parenting efficacy based on the gender variable (male-female), to achieve the research objectives, the researchers relied on the Parents Self-Efficacy Scale in Managing Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents on the Internet, which was prepared by (Chen, Chou, Hsiao, & Yen, 2025) and consists of (23) items. The researchers extracted the psychometric properties of the scale, such as validity and reliability. The scale was applied to a sample of (400) fathers and mothers of students. The results showed that parents had a very high level of efficacy, and that there were no statistically significant differences based on gender (male/female).