Temporal and Demographic Trends of Literacy Eradication and Adult Education Centers in Baghdad Governorate Using GIS

Abstract

The research aims to understand the spatial and demographic variation of literacy centers in Baghdad Governorate, as well as to determine the numerical distribution of these centers, the students, educational staff, and study divisions for the academic year (2021/2022), in addition to the qualitative composition of this phenomenon and its distribution by environment (urban and rural). The research relied on creating a database using geographic information systems and classifying it into tables and preparing spatial variation maps using the ARC GIS program. The research statistics showed that the annual change rate in literacy centers during the period (2012-2022) at the level of Baghdad Governorate was (-6.4%), which means there has been a significant decline in the number of centers during this period, as the number of centers in the academic year (2012/2013) was (717) centers, while in the academic year (2021/2022), the number of centers was (304) centers. As for the distribution by gender, it is observed that there is an increase in the number of females compared to males regarding students and teachers, as well as the number of classes. In terms of environmental distribution, there are differences between the educational directorates of Baghdad Governorate, with the number rising in urban areas compared to rural areas.