Spatial Variation of Electric Power Generation in Iraq (2010–2024)

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the spatial variation of electric power generation in Iraq during the period (2010–2024) and to determine the gap between actual demand and production across governorates. The study focuses on the evolution of design capacities for steam, gas, diesel, and hydroelectric power plants, annual production, utilization factor, peak load, and the number of consumers by sector. The results indicate an increase in the total design capacity from 13,520 MW to 26,564 MW, driven by the prominence of gas turbine power plants, the declining role of diesel plants, and the stability of hydroelectric power. Furthermore, the production and utilization factor of steam plants improved, whereas the efficiency of gas and diesel plants decreased. The residential sector dominated consumption, accounting for over 80%, while most governorates recorded an increase in peak load. The findings highlight the necessity of developing modern power plants, improving transmission and distribution networks, and increasing investment in renewable energy to ensure supply stability and achieve an equitable distribution of electricity.