The Efforts of The Arab Islamic State In Agriculture In The Umayyad Era 41-132 H/661- 750AD

Abstract

The research deals with the efforts of the Arab Islamic state in developing agriculture in the Umayyad era, the importance of agriculture al activity and its major role in supporting the revenues of the treasury and thus activating various aspects of economic, political and social life, and the states efforts in various aspects of agriculture al activity from topography , climate and the human aspect. The importance of the research comes in highlighting the efforts of the Umayyad state in developing agricultural activity as it is a source of support for the states imports . One of the objectives of the research is to identify the efforts of the caliphs and government in developing agriculture , and to explain the importance of agriculture and to know the methods through which lands were reclaimed, the mashes were transformed into agricultural lands,  the revival of dead lands, and how to provide irrigation water. Due to the nature of the research , the historical research approach was followed, and the limits of the research were the era of the Umayyad state(42-132 H/ 661- 750 AD). The research came out with several results, the most important of which is that agricultural activity represents an important tributary to the state economy, giving land to those who make it productive and withdrawing it from those who neglect it, and there is no objection to private owner ship of agricultural lands. This, if it contributes to the development of agriculture and the necessity of providing irrigation water by various means and returning Iraq to its pioneering agricultural realty by benefiting from the experiences of those who came before us.