The measures taken by Muawiyah to secure allegiance for his son Yazid and the stance of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) regarding this allegiance, as discussed in the book History of Islam and Deaths of Celebrities and Scholars by Al-Dhahabi
Keywords:
Imam Hussein (AS), Al-Zahabi, Muawiyah, YazidAbstract
The investigation delves into the methodologies employed by Muawiyah in securing allegiance for his son Yazid and the response of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) towards this allegiance as documented in "Tarikh al-Islam" by al-Dhahabi (d. 748 AH / 1347 CE). The primary aim is to elucidate the strategies adopted by Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan to strengthen his dominion, which was particularly manifested in the Levant region during his governance. Upon the martyrdom of Imam Hasan (peace be upon him), Muawiyah perceives a strategic opening that he promptly seizes to pave the path for the succession of his son Yazid. An essential factor motivating Muawiyah to designate his son as the caliph of the Muslims is the profound affection he holds for Yazid. Furthermore, the examination unveils Imam Hussein's (peace be upon him) standpoint regarding this allegiance. Despite the prevailing adversities and upheavals in the Islamic territories, such as bloodshed and forced migrations, Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) chooses to maintain his loyalty towards the treaty established by his brother, Imam Hasan (peace be upon him). Refusing to swear fealty to Yazid amidst the escalating tyranny and maladministration within the Umayyad regime, Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) articulates his unwavering commitment to upholding moral principles and justice. His uprising emerges as a poignant symbol of martyrdom for righteousness and equity within the Islamic doctrine. A critical analysis of al-Dhahabi's accounts concerning Imam Hussein's stance underscores their brevity, lack of elaboration, and absence of precision, thereby hindering a comprehensive understanding of Imam Hussein's position. This deficiency becomes evident upon meticulous scrutiny, examination, and juxtaposition with diverse historical narratives.
