Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability: A Safer Future for Populations

Abstract

The study highlighted the most important sources of renewable energy successfully utilized by humans without causing harm, pollution, or global warming in the surrounding environment. Despite the diversity of renewable energy sources and their role in protecting and sustaining the environment, the focus was placed on solar energy as a model, given that this type of renewable energy has been employed within Iraq. Several factors prompted the consideration of renewable energy, foremost among them the rising levels of air pollutants. Therefore, data on pollutant gases from the Al-Saydiya Station were adopted as a case study, as it is located in the center of Baghdad Governorate, where the high population density corresponds to elevated human activities that contribute to pollution. Statistical analysis was conducted, including the calculation of the linear regression value, alongside descriptive analysis to extract annual values for each of the following metrics: mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum for the obtained pollutant gases: SO₂, NO, NO₂, NOx, CO, CH₄, PM₂.₅. The study concluded with the most important findings and recommendations regarding renewable energy.